睡眠不足的儿童和成人容易肥胖

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【DavidShi译文】沃里克大学沃里克医学院的研究发现，睡眠不足的儿童和成人患肥胖病的几率提升了2倍。

沃里克大学向本月举行的“国际‘21世纪学术协会’研究年会”（International AC21 Research Festival）提交了该医学院教授佛朗西斯可·卡普雪的初步研究成果。

该研究回顾了28,000 多名儿童和15,000 多名成人的数据，发现睡眠不足使儿童和成人发生肥胖的风险增加近2倍。

该研究也提示，随着时间的推移，睡眠较少的人更容易增加体重指数和腰围，更容易得肥胖病。

卡普雪教授说：“肥胖病的“流行”和睡眠减少的“无声流行”相伴。儿童和成人患肥胖病几率的增大与睡眠不足有关。无论成人还是小至5岁的儿童，都能检测到这一趋势。”

卡普雪教授指出，睡眠不足可能引起内分泌变化，从而食欲增强，导致肥胖。人体睡眠不足时产生出Ghrelin（胃内产生的一种肽，译者注）。Ghrelin能刺激食欲，减少了抑制食欲的leptin的产生。他说仍需进一步研究，来认识睡眠不足和肥胖、糖尿病、高血压等慢性病之间的机制。

世界卫生组织欧洲区域办事处营养和粮食安全地区顾问佛朗西斯可·布兰卡说：“这是一项有趣的研究，它将摄食和不同的生活方式联系了起来。我们需要对肥胖病的环境作更多研究，应该将医学研究和社会政治研究综合起来，进行深入探讨。”

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Sleep deprivation doubles risks of obesity in both children and adults

Research by Warwick Medical School at the University of Warwick has found that sleep deprivation is associated with an almost a two-fold increased risk of being obese for both children and adults.

Early results of a study by Professor Francesco Cappuccio of the University of Warwick's Warwick Medical School were presented to the International AC21 Research Festival hosted this month by the University of Warwick.

The research reviewed current evidence in over 28,000 children and 15,000 adults. For both groups Professor Cappuccio found that shorter sleep duration is associated with almost a two-fold increased risk of being obese.

The research also suggests that those who sleep less have a greater increase in body mass index and waist circumference over time and a greater chance of becoming obese over time.

Professor Cappuccio says: "The 'epidemic' of obesity is paralleled by a 'silent epidemic' of reduced sleep duration with short sleep duration linked to increased risk of obesity both in adults and in children. These trends are detectable in adults as well as in children as young as 5 years."

Professor Cappuccio points out that short sleep duration may lead to obesity through an increase of appetite via hormonal changes caused by the sleep deprivation. Lack of sleep produces Ghrelin which, among other effects, stimulates appetite and creates less leptin which, among other effects, suppresses appetite. However he says more research is needed to understand the mechanisms by which short sleep is linked to chronic conditions of affluent societies, such as obesity, diabetes and hypertension.

Francesco Branca, the Regional Adviser for nutrition and food security in the World Health organisation (WHO) Regional Office for Europe said: "This is an interesting piece of research putting together different lifestyle aspects with food choices. We need more research on the obese environment - the integration between medical research and socio-political research is something we should be exploring more."

Source : University of Warwick